Iqra Bano Sohail, Author at IPRI - Islamabad Policy Research Institute

Download The collapse of the 2025 Gaza ceasefire due to Israel’s obstruction of humanitarian aid and unilateral suspension of its obligations raises serious concerns under international law. While ceasefire agreements are often seen as political tools, they carry binding legal force when concluded…

Policy Brief by Iqra Bano Sohail 29/05/2025

15244Views

The Digital Battlefield: Regulating Cyber Warfare in International Law

Download Cyber warfare has emerged as a prominent method for states to pursue strategic objectives by targeting digital infrastructure, disrupting essential services, and spreading disinformation, all without engaging in traditional military action. These operations often evade attribution and accountability, complicating legal responses and…

Policy Brief by Iqra Bano Sohail 19/03/2025

11516Views

Digital Deception in Warfare: An International Law Perspective on the Use of Deepfakes

Download The rapid advancement of deepfake technology has introduced unprecedented challenges in modern warfare, particularly in the realms of deception, disinformation, and psychological operations. Utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning, deepfakes generate hyper-realistic yet fabricated digital content, making them a powerful…

Newspaper Article by Iqra Bano Sohail 08/02/2025

6212Views

Ceasefire or Illusion? Gaza’s Fight for Freedom continues

After enduring months of relentless aggression and suffering, the people of Gaza have been given a glimmer of hope through a ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas. This fragile truce, brokered after immense Palestinian suffering, aims to address the immediate humanitarian crisis…

Newspaper Article by Iqra Bano Sohail 13/12/2024

5634Views

The Algorithm of Death in Mideast

AI in military operations raises concerns over civilian safety, human rights, and compliance with international law. The ongoing conflict in Gaza has underscored the urgent need for comprehensive international regulations concerning the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in military applications. One concerning…

Policy Brief by Iqra Bano Sohail 06/11/2024

6031Views

Israel’s Military Use of AI to Facilitate Genocide and its International Consequences

Download The ongoing conflict in Gaza has underscored the urgent need for comprehensive international regulations concerning the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in military applications, particularly regarding the potential for human rights violations. One concerning manifestation of this issue is the emergence of…

Policy Brief by Iqra Bano Sohail 13/09/2024

2677Views

Alternative Dispute Resolution: Mediation

Download Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) provides an efficient, non-confrontational alternative to traditional litigation, using methods such as mediation, arbitration, and adjudication to resolve disputes. Mediation, in particular, stands out as a flexible and cost-effective solution, fostering open communication and cooperation between parties. The…

Policy Brief by Iqra Bano Sohail 05/09/2024

1646Views

Closing the Legal Gaps: Advancing Transgender Justice in Pakistan

Download The legal recognition and protection of transgender rights in Pakistan has been subject to a complex interplay of societal norms, cultural practices, and legislative frameworks. A significant stride towards addressing the marginalization of this community was marked by the enactment of the…

Policy Brief by Iqra Bano Sohail 19/07/2024

5597Views

The Regulatory Landscape for Fintech in Pakistan

Download In Pakistan, fintech is reshaping financial services through technology, addressing traditional banking limitations and enhancing accessibility. Yet, significant challenges remain, notably the lack of robust data privacy regulations, which poses risks to consumer trust and cybersecurity in digital financial services while impacting…

Holding Israel Accountable for Breaching the Gaza Ceasefire Agreement

The Digital Battlefield: Regulating Cyber Warfare in International Law

Digital Deception in Warfare: An International Law Perspective on the Use of Deepfakes

Ceasefire or Illusion? Gaza’s Fight for Freedom continues

The Algorithm of Death in Mideast

Israel’s Military Use of AI to Facilitate Genocide and its International Consequences

Alternative Dispute Resolution: Mediation

Closing the Legal Gaps: Advancing Transgender Justice in Pakistan

The Regulatory Landscape for Fintech in Pakistan

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