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Determinants of Undocumented Oil Trade in Pakistan: A Multinomial Logit Approach

birlikte yaşadığı günden beri kendisine arkadaşları hep ezik sikiş ve süzük gibi lakaplar takılınca dışarıya bile çıkmak porno istemeyen genç adam sürekli evde zaman geçirir Artık dışarıdaki sikiş yaşantıya kendisini adapte edemeyeceğinin farkında olduğundan sex gif dolayı hayatını evin içinde kurmuştur Fakat babası çok hızlı sikiş bir adam olduğundan ve aşırı sosyalleşebilen bir karaktere sahip porno resim oluşundan ötürü öyle bir kadınla evlenmeye karar verir ki evleneceği sikiş kadının ateşi kendisine kadar uzanıyordur Bu kadar seksi porno ve çekici milf üvey anneye sahip olduğu için şanslı olsa da her gece babasıyla sikiş seks yaparken duyduğu seslerden artık rahatsız oluyordu Odalarından sex izle gelen inleme sesleri ve yatağın gümbürtüsünü duymaktan dolayı kusacak sikiş duruma gelmiştir Her gece yaşanan bu ateşli sex dakikalarından dolayı hd porno canı sıkılsa da kendisi kimseyi sikemediği için biraz da olsa kıskanıyordu

This study examines the underlying factors driving the persistence of Undocumented Oil Trade (UOT) in Pakistan, with a particular focus on the Pakistan-Iran border region. It argues that, despite a series of policy interventions by the Government of Pakistan, UOT remains a significant and unresolved policy challenge. While international scholarship offers a range of theoretical frameworks for understanding informal trade networks, the phenomenon of UOT remains underexamined in the context of emerging economies like Pakistan.
Based on a multinomial logit model, this paper highlights the key drivers of UOT. It highlights that one million people reside within 50 kilometres of the border, and around two million are economically tied to UOT activities. Using both primary and secondary data, it demonstrates that UOT is not an economic phenomenon but a spatial and cultural reality. The region’s limited development, lack of mobility, restricted skill awareness, emotional attachment to the homeland, low population density, and significant interdependence with Iranian border towns create economic and logistical incentives for the ongoing UOT and support reliance on it. Providing alternative employment opportunities to such a large segment of the population poses a significant policy challenge, especially considering Balochistan’s limited industrial base, underdeveloped infrastructure, and historically marginal integration into the national economy.
The Government may develop formal border markets in key border towns equipped with warehousing, banking, and other trade & customs related facilities. It may follow a gradual, incentive-based formalisation process that requires integrated strategies that promote education, inclusive finance, and tax reforms sensitive to informality. It may launch public-private partnership initiatives focused on skill development in trade-related services, particularly for the youth of border communities, with targeted vocational training in areas like logistics, IT, and retail.

IPRI

IPRI is one of the oldest non-partisan think-tanks on all facets of National Security including international relations & law, strategic studies, governance & public policy and economic security in Pakistan. Established in 1999, IPRI is affiliated with the National Security Division (NSD), Government of Pakistan.

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