From IPKF to Today: Historical Wounds and Indian Military Interventions in Sri Lanka

This brief explores India’s military intervention in Sri Lanka through the 1987 Indo-Sri Lanka Accord and the deployment of the IPKF. It examines how the mission, intended as peacekeeping, escalated into direct conflict with the LTTE; and how India’s withdrawal in 1990 left enduring mistrust and reinforced Sri Lanka’s emphasis on sovereignty and non-interference. It further assesses the continuing relevance of these historical wounds despite Sri Lanka’s growing ties with India. Finally, it underscores Pakistan’s role during this period and recommends strengthening diplomatic, economic, and cultural cooperation to position Pakistan as a reliable partner.