Pakistan faces one of the largest tax gaps in South Asia. Despite repeated tax reforms, the tax-to-GDP ratio has remained stagnant, undermining fiscal stability and limiting the country’s capacity to achieve its development goals.This study investigates how Pakistan can address its revenue-generation
When it comes to terrorist groups’ cost-benefit calculus of adopting and innovating with emerging technologies, there are two opposing conceptual views.
Bangladesh and India share almost 54 rivers, and India has control over the water-sharing of 43 rivers. Sharing the Teesta River’s water has remained a recurrent challenge. Almost 90 per cent of the river’s flow is during June to September, and the
The 1950 Treaty of Peace and Friendship still shapes India-Nepal relations, but many inNepal see it as lopsided. It opened borders, allowed free movement and gave India a sayin Nepal’s defence and foreign policy. Over time, this built deep dependence and leftKathmandu
On August 31, 2025, in the Chinese city of Tianjin, an unlikely diplomatic chapter was written. Pakistan, the sole United Nations member state that for decades refused to recognise Armenia, finally established formal diplomatic ties with Yerevan. The joint communiqué signed by Foreign Ministers Ishaq Dar and Ararat Mirzoyan was more than a perfunctory document, it was the symbolic dismantling of a deliberate policy of non-recognition that had cast a shadow over South Caucasus-South Asia relations for three decades.
Dr Roxolana Zigón The game is afoot? India launched “Operation Sindoor” in the early hours of Wednesday morning of May 7, 2025, in both Pakistan-administered Kashmir and Pakistan. It carried out 15 missile strikes on Kotli, and Muzaffarabad in the disputed Kashmir
This Policy Brief provides empirical evidence on how corruption affects foreign direct investment (FDI) in Pakistan. Despite the country’s persistently low Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) score of 27, there is limited empirical research on the relationship between corruption and investment within Pakistan.
Press Release – July 7th 2025 Islamabad, 7th July 2025 — The Islamabad Policy Research Institute (IPRI) recently organized a Seminar on “A Holistic Approach of the Security and Governance Challenges of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP).” The session brought together a range of
This Paper explores the significance of industrial structural output for Pakistan’s economy focusing on GDP analysis. This may be about the mixed fortunes of the industrial sector, where sub-sectors like small-scale manufacturing and construction are relatively healthy whereas Large-scale manufacturing and utility
The Durand Line is a 2,640 km (1,640 miles) international boundary separating Pakistan and Afghanistan in South Asia. This border has not only shaped the geopolitical landscape of South Asia but has also led to enduring tensions between Pakistan and Afghanistan. The
