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The Indus Waters Treaty (IWT), signed in 1960 between Pakistan and India, defines water-sharing rights by allocating the Eastern Rivers to India and granting Pakistan control over the Western Rivers, while permitting India limited non-consumptive use under strict regulations. Recent Indian efforts…
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Pakistan’s Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) faces persistent challenges in tax collection, with the country's tax-to-GDP ratio stagnating at 10%—well below the global average of 15–20%. This shortfall is worsened by a largely informal economy (comprising nearly 70% of economic activity), widespread…
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In this exploratory report, the authors ask whether an East-West Economic Corridor (EWEC) linking Afghanistan, the Central Asian republics (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan), India, Iran, and Pakistan is feasible. Earlier efforts to develop economic corridors in this region have failed.…
After enduring months of relentless aggression and suffering, the people of Gaza have been given a glimmer of hope through a ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas.
This fragile truce, brokered after immense Palestinian suffering, aims to address the immediate humanitarian crisis…
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The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in counterterrorism operations has revolutionized how governments and security agencies identify, prevent, and respond to terrorist activities. AI technologies, such as machine learning algorithms, predictive analytics, and surveillance tools, have enabled the rapid processing of large…
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killings conducted by India within Pakistan has escalated tensions in the region, with disturbing implications for Pakistan’s sovereignty and regional security. Since 2021, a series of assassinations, attributed to India’s intelligence agency, the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), has targeted individuals associated…
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This paper explores the transformative capability of Artificial Intelligence in modernising public governance, focusing on its role in overcoming operational inefficiencies in government offices in Pakistan. The potential of AI in bringing about efficiency, reducing costs, and improving service delivery is illustrated…
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This study examines public-public partnerships (PPPs) and public sector development projects (PSDPs) in Pakistan’s development strategy, focusing on their strengths, weaknesses, and synergies. PPPs provide efficiency, innovation, and resource sharing, and they are ideal for infrastructure development, large-scale energy projects, and technology-driven…
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The opposition, comprising diverse factions with regional and international backing, has seized control of Damascus, marking a pivotal moment in Syria's prolonged civil war. Despite global calls for inclusive democracy, such as the Geneva Communique (2012) and UNSC Resolution 2254, conflicting interests…
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The imposition of missile and nuclear related sanctions by the US highlights a continuous pattern of targeting Pakistan’s strategic program while favoring India. It raises serious concerns about regional stability and the effectiveness of such sanctions. Pakistan emphasizes its commitment to credible…
