The so-called ‘non-alignment’ mantra of India during the Cold War era was a farce to begin with, but more recently, it has openly pivoted towards hard hedging, the core principle of which is to both engage and resist. India was trying to…
The recent series of hostilities between forever rivals started after Pahalgam attack on 22 April 2025. While the recent series of hostilities were short lived, they have largely changed the South Asian geopolitical dynamics.
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Human trafficking and terrorist financing form a cyclical, self-reinforcing nexus in Pakistan, where criminal syndicates and militant networks exploit vulnerable populations not only for profit but also to sustain extremist operations.
According to the UNODC, criminal networks in Pakistan generated approximately…
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This Brief conducts a systematic analysis of Pakistan’s federal budget documents from 2010 to 2024 using a text mining approach. Despite significant shifts in domestic and global economic conditions, the focus of these documents has remained on recurring economic challenges such as…
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Pakistan received USD7 billion in the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) in the 25th arrangement of the IMF. Since independence, Pakistan has received financial assistance from the IMF twenty-five times, resulting in temporary short-term stability. However, the austerity measures proposed by these programs…
The Award reinforced the view that India’s unilateral actions were inconsistent with the established legal mechanisms of the historic water-sharing arrangement.
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Dr Roxolana Zigón
The game is afoot?
India launched “Operation Sindoor” in the early hours of Wednesday morning of May 7, 2025, in both Pakistan-administered Kashmir and Pakistan. It carried out 15 missile strikes on Kotli, and Muzaffarabad in the disputed…
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The recent escalation triggered by the Pahalgam incident in Indian Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir had been marked by a series of aggressive Indian military operations, carried out under the pretext of countering alleged threats from Pakistan. Despite the lack of credible…
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The Supreme Court of Pakistan’s March 2025 decision in Ishfaq Ahmed vs. Mushtaq Ahmed marks a defining moment in the digital evolution of Pakistan’s judiciary. Acknowledging the need for systemic reform in the face of overwhelming case backlogs, especially in the lower…