Download
Pakistan's Policy Guidelines for Carbon Markets – 2024 are a critical step towards the application of carbon credits and emissions trading to fulfil the country's climate goals and achieve sustainable development objectives. The policy is consistent with the Paris Agreement and seeks…
Download
The Indus Waters Treaty (IWT), signed in 1960 between Pakistan and India, defines water-sharing rights by allocating the Eastern Rivers to India and granting Pakistan control over the Western Rivers, while permitting India limited non-consumptive use under strict regulations. Recent Indian efforts…
Download
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in counterterrorism operations has revolutionized how governments and security agencies identify, prevent, and respond to terrorist activities. AI technologies, such as machine learning algorithms, predictive analytics, and surveillance tools, have enabled the rapid processing of large…
Download
killings conducted by India within Pakistan has escalated tensions in the region, with disturbing implications for Pakistan’s sovereignty and regional security. Since 2021, a series of assassinations, attributed to India’s intelligence agency, the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), has targeted individuals associated…
Download
This study examines public-public partnerships (PPPs) and public sector development projects (PSDPs) in Pakistan’s development strategy, focusing on their strengths, weaknesses, and synergies. PPPs provide efficiency, innovation, and resource sharing, and they are ideal for infrastructure development, large-scale energy projects, and technology-driven…
Download
The opposition, comprising diverse factions with regional and international backing, has seized control of Damascus, marking a pivotal moment in Syria's prolonged civil war. Despite global calls for inclusive democracy, such as the Geneva Communique (2012) and UNSC Resolution 2254, conflicting interests…
Download
The imposition of missile and nuclear related sanctions by the US highlights a continuous pattern of targeting Pakistan’s strategic program while favoring India. It raises serious concerns about regional stability and the effectiveness of such sanctions. Pakistan emphasizes its commitment to credible…
Download
The New Energy Vehicle Policy 2025-2030 is an ambitious road map to transform the whole transportation sector from fossil fuel to electrification in Pakistan. It was designed by the Ministry of Industries and Production in order to curtail dangerous greenhouse gas emissions,…
Download
This Policy Brief examines the role of regulators in the economic well-being of Pakistan. It highlights that discussions in Pakistan often advocate for more regulations. However, these arguments lack clear empirical evidence. This Brief investigates whether regulations improve economic well-being in Pakistan…
Download
The Durand Line is a 2,640 km (1,640 miles) international boundary separating Pakistan and Afghanistan in South Asia. This border has not only shaped the geopolitical landscape of South Asia but has also led to enduring tensions between Pakistan and Afghanistan. The…
