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Since 1776, Adam Smith’s theory of absolute advantage has remained central to modern economic thought on international trade. Over time, however, its universal validity has been increasingly contested due to recurring trade imbalances, asymmetrical distribution of trade gains across nations, and instances…
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This Policy Brief explores the implications of a premature trade liberalisation in Pakistan. It highlights that Pakistan’s economy faces recurring balance of payments crises, foreign exchange shortages, limited export diversification, and weak domestic demand. Collectively, these structural vulnerabilities pose a significant risk…
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Pakistan has witnessed a growth in its exports to EU by 46.5% since it was granted the GSP+ status in 2014. Under this status, 91% of the tariff lines are exempted from duties for Pakistan. Pakistan has effectively utilized the GSP+ status,…
On July 15, 2015, Ms. Robina Ather Ahmed, Additional Secretary-I, Ministry of Commerce Pakistan, gave a presentation on the topic, “Growing India-US trade: Implications for Pakistan” to IPRI scholars. Ms. Robina Ather said that after making a comparison between India’s and Pakistan’s…
